Sunday, December 10, 2017

NISTery

https://youtu.be/CUjVLDlOTtU?t=551

Paraffin even the sort of paraffin that is used in passenger jets, does not burn easily. Before paraffin can burn it has to be heated to vapour pressure, that is it has to get heat from somewhere to burn.

The autoignition temperature or kindling point of a substance is the lowest temperature at which it spontaneously ignites in normal atmosphere without an external source of ignition, such as a flame or spark. This temperature is required to supply the activation energy needed for combustion.

A "spark" defines a region of red-hot temperature that is brighter than cherry red. The first colour that heated iron appears =500°C. All matter at atmospheric pressure turns dark red with the glow from radiating heat at 500°C. Dark red thus defines most autoignition points -the minimum colour of fire.

There is a reason why Frank Whittle chose paraffin making it his fuel choice. He needed something that could burn quickly enough to get out of its own way and yet not too quickly to be dangerous to use.

In order to get the maximum amount of power out of every piston in the engines of WW2 all engines were petrol engines, even the ones that didn't need to be. Lorries and tanks would have been much better using diesel as their burn rates did not require the instant energy needed by aircraft engines -weight is not a function for them. The same is true with boats -in fact ships are famous for using a heavy wax called bunker oil. A confusing enough set of statistics that seems to be designed to tell you nothing.

Jet fuel is a mixture of solvents that needs to be around 40°C in order to flare, that is why you should be suspicious of the beautiful clouds of gas that you see boiling off sideways in petroleum explosions:



Where did that black smoke at the bottom of the picture come from?
Shouldn't that be white and how did it all get to be there?
Paraffin doesn't burn easily below 40°C, most of it should have poured out on the ground -cooling as it fell.

Try making a simple Molotov cocktail with paraffin instead of petrol.

And that cloud of black smoke should be falling, not climbing, even if it is not able to billow down. A paraffin fire is easily survivable once you are free to escape. If you are soaking in paraffin you have time to douse the flames. Don't confuse the fuel with Avgas.
Avgas is a low explosive that is used to prevent  petrol igniting under pressure. But that doesn't mean it isn't volatile, volatile enough to behave like the Napalm shown here.





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